Application of Eeg/erp to Investigate and Predict Young Children's Empathic Depending on Their Parents' Empathy Levels Case study

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1.0 Introduction

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The field of neuroscience enables the analysis of the empathic levels of young children with the use of electroencephalography or the EEG and the other analysis of the Event-related potentials or ERP. This helps to collect the records of the prediction of the responses of the young children which are connected to the compassion levels of the parents towards them. This study provides a non-invasive method of tracking the responses to keep a record of the activity of the brains of young children in the practical test. This EEG allows the study to investigate their empathy regarding the basic requirement of neural activity. The objective of this study can be linked to the brain reactions of the children and their parents to stimuli with the use of this type of neuroimaging techniques of the children. So this technique can present the advantages of this which is described in this study.

2.0 Background of the research

Figure 1: Strategic regulation of empathy

The basis of this study is the critical evaluation of empathy of the proficiency of emotional and interpersonal behavior. The background of this study has presented the development of socio-emotional with empathy of their parents. The research has observed that the mechanism of brain activity which is underlined by this type of association is mostly unknown in most of the instances (Tremblay et al.2019). By using the EEG and ERP the expert in this field can enhance their understanding of this. The understanding of the aspects of brain activity in the real example and the effects of their empathy of parents towards them have also been created as the foundation of the study. The background history of this study offers relevant information on these techniques which assists this study and the young children.

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2.1 Research question

How does the activity of EEG and ERP change the reaction to the stimuli of emphatic of young children?

How are these changes associated with their parents based on the emphatic stimuli?

Is there any chance to recognize any specific brain markers used by these two techniques?

How do these techniques allow communication between the empathy according to the time?

2.2 Research aim

This study's main goal is to explain the neurological underpinnings of early children's empathy development, with a particular emphasis on the impact of parental empathy. The purpose of this project is to describe children's actual time brain reactions to empathic stimuli using EEG and ERP and to determine the impact of unpredictable parental empathy levels on these developmental processes. The ultimate objective is to locate distinct brain signatures that illustrate the generation-to-generation transfer of empathy and advance a thorough comprehension of the processes guiding early socioemotional development. In order to accomplish this, research using a neuroscience viewpoint creates focused strategies and techniques that reassure empathy in kids, which in turn stimulates beneficial social behaviors and psychological health.

2.3 Research objectives

To investigate and differentiate the patterns of EEG and Erp in young kids during the task.

To determine the requirement of an understanding and observing the contrast those technique.

To discriminate the variety of brain activity which are associated with these techniques can reveal the markers of the brain.

To keep a record of the responses related to the empathy of the children and inspect the neural proportions.

3.0 Research Hypotheses

H0: The application of the EEG and ERP can investigate and predict the level of empathy of children.

H1: The application of the EEG and ERP cannot investigate and predict the level of empathy of the children.

H0: The application of this technique cannot be dependent on the level of empathy of their parents.

H1: The application of this technique can be dependent on the level of empathy of their parents.

4.0 Methodology

Description of the technique

The techniques of EEG with the ERP can help to investigate the track record of the responses of emphatic young children and prediction of the expected responses to identify the evaluation of this and how can this be achieved. This study has chosen electroencephalography or EEG as the suitable technique for this methodology (Helfrich, 2019). EEG will help to understand any kind of dysregulation of neural activity including the functioning of the nerves for which the brain is dependent like the touch, see and smell. This technique is observed to detect any kind of epilepsy in the body of the human. This is the measurement of the brain activity which is captured by the electrical method. With this technique, the ERP provides the idea of the function of the activity of the brain whether is in the right condition or not. This technique is also important to analyze the activity of the brain which is related to memory, the quality of the attention to the work, and the processing of the brain to the various activities surrounding those (Gavaret et al. 2023). The techniques required the selection of the participants which can be included in this for executing the method. The participants can be selected from the age of 4 to 6 years and their guardians or parents. These can be based on different factors including age, gender, and their cultural variation with economic status. The assessment of empathy of their parents and the report of the investigation which are consistent. The IRI factor which is also known to as the index of interpersonal reactivity along with the empathy measurement of their parents can be accompanied by questionnaires or based on some surveys among young children (Hernandez et al. 2023). The technique is based on the design of the responses of compassion which also develops the variety of the circumstances of the emotional crisis.

Steps of the technique

Preparation of participants is the first step in assembling EEG/ERP data, guaranteeing children’s familiarity with the EEG cap and reducing anxiety. Cathodes are put by the worldwide 10-20 framework, and a high-thickness EEG framework is utilized with a rational number of channels for accuracy (Lioumis and Rosanova, 2022). The assignment strategy combines pattern recording and the introduction of empathic boosts under various circumstances. Int?rstimulus intervals are included to avoid exhaustion and make it possible to recover from baseline b?tw??n stimuli. For evidence, the investigation includes the standard preprocessing steps that are applied, including separating, dismissing, and improving of baseline. Of The EEG information is portioned into ages lined up with improvement beginning, and remarkable averaging is performed across members to upgrade signal-to-clamor proportion. ERP parts, like N170, P300, and late certain potential or LPP, are recognized and investigated for sufficiency and idleness measures (Casula et al. 2023). Accurate investigations incorporate correlational examinations to analyze connections between parental compassion scores and youngsters' ERP parts, the correlations of the combined group with survey contrast between kids with high and low parental sympathy levels, and relapse examinations to observe the kids’ compassion scores in view of ERP parts and parental compassion stages.

Research approach

The method of this study can be done by choosing the deductive approach which is appropriate for this study. The study will proceed based on the existing survey literature regarding the technique to assess the record of the brain activity of the children with the association of the empathy of their parents.

The methodology of choosing this technique can offer a detailed understanding of the changes in the emotional and behavioral and physiological of the mentioned participants which are in the group of children (Morales and Bowers, 2022). The relationships between the action of the neural and the marks which are gathered in the section of empathy can also exhibit the explanations of their response and clarify the responses according to the specific event that affected the children. These ways of techniques can help to obtain the expected result from the group of children in that survey (Yener et al. 2022).This method of evaluating the responses related to the gathering of the child’s reaction can improve the understanding of the capability of these along with the limitations of these. This study possesses some advantages and disadvantages of which require more appreciation as well as the capability of gaining efficiency by observing the obstacles they might have experienced in any situation.

Research method

The method of this study can evaluated by choosing the secondary data analysis which is already done based on this technique that can assist in gathering information related to this matter (Carsten et al. 2020). The secondary method of this research can be included in selecting the prominent age group that is specific to this study and their guidance of the empathy of the parents toward them. The secondary data analysis can also help to focus on any mistakes that were made in the previous study. From the previous study, the effective part of the research can be analyzed and can decide whether further research is required or not.

Data collection

The data collection of this research can be observed by collecting the information from the preexisting materials that are done on this topic. The process of data collection can be evaluated by two methods including the primary and the secondary (Illman et al. 2022). The primary data collection method consists of interview-related programs that include the participants examining the observations collected in the techniques and evaluating them to interpret the obtained information. But in contrast, the secondary data collection method can be observed by the acquired information from the existing journals which have already been evaluated in past observations. The observations in those papers will help to understand the impact of these techniques with the benefits they have faced during their study. The information from those already has shared the limitations of those techniques which will help future studies to overcome those barriers.

5.0 Summary

The study will help to explore and expect the responses from the children along with the reactions from their parents by using the EEG or ERP process. The study will encompass the data of the children with the mentioned age which can provide a record of their responses to the activity of the function of the brain. This study of the proposal has enlisted the background of the study including the objectives which are need to be fulfilled. The methodology of the study has chosen the secondary type of analysis from which the information will be collected to gain information about this. This will also address the impact of the responses that can be interlinked between the empathy level of parents and the children.

This study will give assistance to this neurobiology by employing these techniques. By using the EEG/ERP methods help to get a real-time empathetic of the neural basis of empathy in young children, specifically when parents have different levels of empathy for them. The linking of social measures close to EEG information elevations the perceptiveness of the study discoveries. In addition, by focusing on early childhood, our research fills a gap in the existing body of knowledge and sheds the importance on the crucial d?v?lopm?ntal stage during which empathy enhances.

Apart from the study, the study will also recognize the intervention plan and the approaches of the parenting style which aimed to effect on the level of the empathy on the children’s mind. This will also emphasize the significance of the technique to have a positive impact on the environment and expect a better outcome for this study to fulfill the objectives.

5.1 Recommendation

It can be recommended for this study, the practice of EEG/ERP to research and observe the small kids' empathic reactions associated with the compassion levels of parents, and there a few suggestions arise. To begin, in order to positively influence children’s d?v?lopm?nt of empathy, interventions should to be designed to increase parental empathy (Maidan et al.2021). The effectiveness of parenting programs that emphasize empathy-building strategies could be tested and evaluated. Also, informative initiatives might be valuable to advise guardians about the possible ?ff?ct concerning their empathic way of behaving on their youngsters’ brain and socio-profound opportunity of ?v?nts. The consequence of youth groups, the approaches advancing family-cooperative working ?nvironm?nts and local area emotionally sympathetic networks could be pushed. This could moderate the level of stress on the guardians, reassuring a helpful climate for empathic communications.

References

Journals

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• Casula EP, Borghi I, Maiella M, Pellicciari MC, Bonnì S, Mencarelli L, Assogna M, D'Acunto A, Di Lorenzo F, Spampinato DA, Santarnecchi E, Martorana A, Koch G. Regional Precuneus Cortical Hyperexcitability in Alzheimer's Disease Patients. Ann Neurol. 2023 Feb;93(2):371-383. doi: 10.1002/ana.26514. Epub 2022 Oct 18. PMID: 36134540; PMCID: PMC10092632.
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