Engineering Applications (Ame5011) Assignmnet Sample

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Introduction: Engineering Applications (Ame5011)

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The compressor of Air has many applications that are based on a single principle of working. In this report, the discussion contains the knowledge of the compressor based on air pressure. Testing and the analysis of the compressor are also contained in this discussion. Some tests are performed in the laboratory and the results are contained in this report. Discussing the analysis and understanding the reports with the help of proper and significant discussion are the primary aim of the research. In this report, a subsection is included as the testing of the materials. There are a total of three types of materials that are plastic, metal, and composite material. Based on these three types of material the discussion continues and conflicts with this in the testing of the materials. After giving the testing results the analysis will be more effective and will help the readers to understand the tests.

Background

Air compressors have simple and basic fundamentals of working. It is used for transmitting energy in different ways. In the year 1888, the first plant of compressors was made by Viktor Popp. Victor was an Austrian engineer. There are many applications for the air compressor that can be used for many business purposes. First, a compressor can be used in the paint shop for painting the vehicle. For woodworking purposes, the compressor can be used as sanding in automotive shops. The use of the compressor can also be noticed in medical or dental services (Nugraha, 2020). As time went on, there was an increasing need for more air compressors that were more powerful. Another revolutionary kind of air compressor known as bellows was created circa 1500 B.C. This tool was a stretchy balloon that was hand-held (and subsequently foot-controlled) and created a compressed stream of wind that really was perfect for higher-temperature flames. Years down the line, in 1762, recognized professional John Smeaton made a puffing cylinder powered by a water turbine to substitute the bellows gradually (Vukelicet al. 2021). For each task done, one must use the principles of air superiority. created a wide range of compressors that may be used for any job. it comes in corporate sizes that might aid a firm's business module. In contrast, they also have home air compressors. Those are all intended for a variety of home improvement jobs. As air compressor technology develops, accessories follow. Since the beginning of the compressor, there were a lot of components. There are many types of compressors based on air pressure, “ Rotary-Screw compressor, scroll Compressor, Centrifugal Compressor, Axile compressor”, etc. in different business purposes the use of compressors give effective solutions according to the need of the business and the consumers. Powering air compressors is probably the most typical use of a revolving compressor in modest firms(Wuet al. 2021). Because they are lightweight and operate more safely than their electric counterparts, these kinds of instruments are preferred. Electronic tools produce heat and, if used continuously, may burn or break down. Compressed air may be essential for effectively managing a corporation, from small commercial purposes to significant commercial purposes. Many businesses utilize compressed air as a source of energy to run machines and apparatus providing a more dependable and practical utility. Using a compressor can enable smaller enterprises to offer better-quality and faster services, from the straightforward chore of inflating tires to the more complex requirements of a production line. 

Material Testing

There are many different processes for the testing of the compressor based on air. The testing is mainly done to evaluate the strength and efficiency of the compressor and the materials. Here in this report, there are the tensile testing and the bending testing of the component. The given component is the air compressor (Hwanget al. 2019). In the testing, there are some subpoints for discussion purposes. First, the testing contains the subsection of the procedure of the test and then the theory and result take part. With the help of the testing, the efficiency can be determined. The tests and the needed discussions are given below,

Tensile Testing

1. Testing Procedure

Tensile tension is essentially a very straightforward idea. A specified amount of stretch must be produced to a component at several spots to determine its real tensile stress rating. Pulling the cloth at two different spots is the simplest method to do this. Designers and technicians may forecast how a component will respond if an equivalent power is put into it for any use it intended by assessing the degree of tensile power necessary to extend it to its crisis line(Zhouet al. 2022). The benefit of tensile force testing is the lack of extensive processing needed to make components suitable for the test. In this process of testing, there are some step-by-step processes that need to be followed for performing the test. In this test, there is some test included. The tensile pieces collected just need to be trimmed to fit into the equipment, this is all. There is no requirement to thoroughly prepare the practice tests, such as by cleaning up flaws or determining how rough the graph's texture is. The examination itself is made to subject the substance to extreme pressures and tensions (Duanet al. 2020). This will then determine the substance's suitability for the intended use.

2. Theory and Results

 Figure 1: The result of the AI Tensile test

In this above-given figure, the graph depicts the result of testing of tensile of the air compressor (Renet al. 2022). In this testing, there are two different models one is AI and the other one is CU. in this part the analysis is made based on the AI analysis and the figure is the output of the test. In this above-given figure, there is specimen 1. According to the test, the incensement in the load is noticed in the first part of the test. With respect to the time, there are noticed some decrement in the graph. That means the load is high at the beginning but rest to the time the load is reduced. The graph is made between the load and the extension of the specimen.

 Figure 2: The result of the Cu Tensile test

The above figure will depict the test of tensile. This test is done based on the Cu analysis and the given graph will depict the construction of the output. This graph can be considered as the output result of the test(Bashaet al. 2020). After analyzing the testing the result comes. In this output graph that can be noticed that at the beginning the level of load is higher than the level of load in the AI test. That means in the cu test the level of load is higher than in the AI test. According to the time the load gets a break at a time. This is the main point that has to be considered as the assumption of the test.

Bending Testing

1. Testing Procedure

Utilizing a cylinder with a radius of approximately four times that material's density is necessary for the flexure test. Installed in a vice with the made pursuant additional option, the experiment is twisted over the spindle until its joints are equal(Cui et al. 2018). Continuously stretch the object back and forward across a 180 ° position. The stretching need to go on unless the basic metal breaks. All through the procedure, the material must remain in touch only with the mandrel's surface. When folding, tension must be applied gradually and steadily. Under 4X examination, check the pattern's distorted region to determine if the covering is chipping or peeling away from the substrate. If the covering fractures or blisters, it can be lifted off with a dagger or other pointed object. Except if the covering can be easily ripped away, cracks by themselves may not always indicate a lack of adherence. When excessively hard or fragile materials are put through adherence testing, shattering is not uncommon. In this form of custodial bending, the test can define the flexibility of the given material(Liu et al. 2020). All the process of this test is done on a simple machine that is made for this kind of bending test.

2. Theory and Results

Figure 3: The result of the AI bending test

The above figure depicts the result of the test. In this part, the test is based on the flexibility or bending test of the given component. In this case of the test, there are also two parts one is AI and the other one is Cu(Wang et al. 2019). in the given test the graph can be easily depicted the output of the test. In the output graph, the outline denotes that in the beginning the flexibility going well, but at a time the flexibility will pause and remain the same according to the time. At the end of the test, a little number of decrements are noticed n the graph which will help to understand that at the end the bending efficiency is reduced.

Figure 4: The result of the Cu bending test

The above figure depicts the result of the test. In this part, the test is based on the flexibility or bending test of the given component. In this case of the test, the test is done depending on the Cu analysis. in the given test the graph can be easily depicted the output of the test. In the output graph, the outline denotes that in the beginning the flexibility going well, but at a time the flexibility will pause and remain the same according to the time. The flexibility level gets higher to a significant height and then continues the height and moves towards the right. This nature of the graph is describing that the test of bending goes well and no reduction is noticed. In this figure there are two lines in the graph one line is for the load and the other line is for the Flexure of the graph according to the topic of the assignment.

Figure 5: Graph of Load & Extension

In the excel sheet, there is the data provided that is based on the extension and the load data. The data will gather from the lab experiments. The values of extension and load are according to the time. This depicts that the load and the extension give different values based on different times(Lin et al. 2019). The above graph is the result of the excel sheet. By performing a disting analysis the graph is made according to the data of the extension and the data of the load. In the graph, there are three lines. The three lines are time, extension, and load. The graph of extension is quite similar to the graph of the time. From the beginning to the end of the test there is a linear form of the graph made by the extension element. But the load graph is quite different. In the beginning, the graph of load increases more than the extension and at a level, the graph of load stops increasing rapidly. A little level of increment is noticed in the graph of load.

The above graphs are the results of the material testing, depending on the results it can be easily said that the result is replied to the testing, and depending on the testing the effectiveness and durability of the given air compressor can be easily calculated.

Conclusion

According to the test results and the graphs, the material testing is very effective and gives the actual output result. After performing the test it can easily be concluded that the component, that means the air compressor is highly efficient and the durability of the compressor is high. With respect to time, the compressor stays and works according to time. The loading efficiency is high and the extension of the compressor is also at the upper level. The testing of the material is effective because of the output graph and the analysis made depending on the true value explanation.

References

Journals

• Basha, N., Kovacevic, A., Stosic, N. and Smith, I., 2018, September. Effect of oil-injection on twin screw compressor performance. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 425, No. 1, p. 012009). IOP Publishing.
• Cui, Y., He, D., Wu, H., Ying, W. and Huang, H., 2018. Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Noise of Soundproof Enclosure of Air Compressor Unit.
• Duan, Q., Lu, R., Xie, H., Ping, J., Lu, C., Zhou, X., Gao, J. and Li, J., 2020. Fault diagnosis of air compressor in nuclear power plant based on vibration observation window. IEEE Access, 8, pp.222274-222284.
• Hwang, S.H., Moon, C.G., Kim, T.H., Lee, J., Cho, K.S., Ha, K.K. and Lee, C.H., 2019. Rotordynamic Performance Measurements and Predictions of a FCEV Air Compressor Supported on Gas Foil Bearings. Tribology and Lubricants, 35(1), pp.44-51.
• Lin, A.Q., Zheng, Q., Yang, L. and Zhang, H., 2019. Effect of inlet air pre-cooling of water injection on compressor performance at high flight Mach. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 12(2), pp.421-431.
• Liu, E., Guo, B., Lv, L., Qiao, W. and Azimi, M., 2020. Numerical simulation and simplified calculation method for heat exchange performance of dry air cooler in natural gas pipeline compressor station. Energy Science & Engineering, 8(6), pp.2256-2270.
• Nugraha, I.H., 2020. RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM MAINTENANCE AIR COMPRESSOR (STUDI KASUS: PETRONAS CARIGALI INDONESIA) (Doctoral dissertation, Institut Teknologi Indonesia).
• Ren, X., Feng, M. and Liu, J., 2022. Design and Electromagnetic Loss Analysis of High Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for an Air Compressor. Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, 120, pp.265-274.
• Vukelic, G., Vizentin, G., Bozic, Z. and Rukavina, L., 2021. Failure analysis of a ruptured compressor pressure vessel. Procedia Structural Integrity, 31, pp.28-32.
• Wang, S., Liu, Z., Cordtz, R., Imran, M. and Fu, Z., 2019. Performance prediction of the combined cycle power plant with inlet air heating under part load conditions. Energy Conversion and Management, 200, p.112063.
• Wu, D.C., Asl, B.B., Razban, A. and Chen, J., 2021. Air compressor load forecasting using artificial neural network. Expert Systems with Applications, 168, p.114209.
• Zhou, J., Liu, J., Su, Q., Feng, C., Wang, X., Hu, D., Yi, F., Jia, C., Fan, Z. and Jiang, S., 2022. Heat dissipation enhancement structure design of two-stage electric air compressor for fuel cell vehicles considering efficiency improvement. Sustainabilit